The following requirements are present in 5.4.1.1 and 5.4.1.2 too and they are tested as a part of these clauses:

Formal parameters of parameterized templates, functions, altsteps, and testcases are defined in formal parameter lists. Formal parameters shall be in, inout or out parameters (see definitions in clause 3.1).

If not stated otherwise, a formal parameter is an in parameter.

Formal in parameters may have default values. This default value is used when no actual parameter is provided.